Laptop PC Repair - DisplayMonk

For being a good laptop chip-level engineer it will be helpful to have this laptop chip level repair help guide. There are some basics for laptop chip level repairing that you must know how to troubleshoot laptop starting problems with guided information as laptop motherboards are costly. You must carefully repair them as there is always a chance of making them scrap while repairing.

Laptop Chip Level Repair Help Guide For Technicians

Mostly what happens is that person directly starts repairing the laptop motherboards. Moreover, because he is unaware of the basics he fails at repairing. so we are going to see 3 laptop chip level repairing know the basics of laptop chip level repair.

We are going to see them one by one.

 1. What is Electricity  :

Firstly speaking If you are not an electronic engineer like me this question will horror you, not kidding. Let’s learn it in simple terms.

Electricity is the presence and flowing of any electronic charges in one direction. These electronic charges are also known as Electrons.

It is the common form of energy we use to power our instruments like bulbs, tube lights, a fan, a washing machines, etc within our home.

Electricity is the flowing of electrons within a wire from negative to positive.

There are two types of currents created:

1. AC Current
2. DC Current

Firstly both AC and DC type of current describes the types of current flow in a circuit. In Direct Current which is DC the current flows in one direction.

Secondly in DC current, the current changes its direction periodically. In most cases for laptop chip level repairing, we will use a multimeter which will measure mostly DC current. AC current we use only for measuring current in SMPS or directing our light main plug.

2. Current and Voltage in laptop chip level repair help guide:

In this section, I am surely going to be talking about voltage and current. Voltages are called difference charges between two points. The unit of the force of an electron is called a volt.

Current is at which rate the charge is flowing. The unit for it is Ampere. Resistance is the tendency of a material to resist the flow of charge which is current. The unit of resistance is the ohm.

3) Ohm’s Law in laptop chip level repair help guide:

Ohm’s law says that the voltage or potential difference between two points in a circuit is directly proportional to current, or electricity passing through the resistance and inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit.

Most importantly the formula for Ohm’s law is V=IR.

Different Parts Comes In Laptop PC Repair

Below are the different parts which also come in laptop pc chip level repair

Below are the 13 common laptop problems and how to repair them in this laptop motherboard repair guide.

You check for our other laptop repairing help guides.

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LCD And LED Section

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) has a sandwich-like structure with liquid crystal filled between two glass plates.

TFT Glass has as many TFTs as the number of pixels displayed, while a Color Filter Glass has a color filter that generates color. Liquid crystals move according to the difference in voltage between the Color Filter Glass and the TFT glass.

The amount of light supplied by Black Light is determined by the amount of movement of the liquid crystals in such a way as to generate a color.

Difference between the LCD screen and LED screen Both work on the same LIQUID CRYSTAL cube concept.

The only difference is the Backlight source.

LCD use Florescent Lamp and LED uses an LED strip for the backlight.

The laptop LCD screen has two connectors one is 30 pins for LVDS data signals. Another is a small connector for the backlight connector. LCD panel requires 3 volts to work. If this voltage missing then you will find a white display problem. Backlight work on CFL lamp and this lamp require around thousand voltages.

The inverter is there to generate this high voltage. The inverter requires a total of two signals one is 3 volts enable signal and another is a brightness signal. DC 18volt power to the inverter circuit. If one of the signals or voltage missing dim display is there on the screen means no backlight.

For identification CED / LCD consider for example LP156W01, here LP is the name of the manufacturer, and 156 is the width of the display. If 156W word followed by H letter example. LP 156WH01 is called HD screen or if the 156W word is followed by an F letter such as LP 156WF01 then it’s full HD.

 

LCD Pin Out connections in laptop chip level repair help guide

There are two types of LED connectors

40 Pin Video Connector

Their pin information is as follows

Secondly, there is 30 Pin Video Connectors

30 Pin Video Connector

Their pin information is as follows

 

DIM Display Problem

First Step:

Check 18 volts at pin 38,39 in 40 pin connector or at pin no. 26,27,28 in 30 pin connector. If it’s not found then check the display cable. If the display cable is good then check the fuse on the motherboard in the VIN section.

Second Step:

Check 3 volt at pin no. 35,36 on 40 pin connector or at pin 22,23 on 30 pin connector. If it is not found then check the display cable. If the display can be on then check the LID sensor. Thirdly, If the LID sensor is ok then check these signals coming from PCH or GFX chip or give 3 volts to these pins from the LCCVDD pin.

Third Step:

Check fuse at LCD panel. If the fuse is good at the LCD panel then finally check for the backlight chip which can be faulty.

White Display Problem

First Step:

Check 3 volt coming at pin no. 2,3 on 40 pin connector or at pin no. 12,13 on 30 pin connector.

Second Step:

Secondly, if the previous step not coming then check the display cable.

Third Step:

Finally, if both below steps coming false then check LCDVDD MOSFET which transfers 3 volts to the LCD panel.

Wifi Section in laptop chip level repair help guide

There are two types of WIFI ports. Which are PCI-e and mini-PCI-e ports. mini-PCI-e port comes with new generation motherboards.

RTC Section in laptop chip level repair help guide

It is responsible to store day, date, and CMOS settings. RTC section is part of PCH or CPU in the latest generation systems. 3-volt battery connected as a power backup and 32.7khz crystal used to generate a clock. After the RTCRST signal goes high means 3 volts, this section starts to function.

Follow the below steps if RTC section not working

Checkpoints for this section are:

1. First check battery
2. Secondly, check RTCRST which should be 3 volt
3. In third step, check 32.7khz crystal
4. Finally, check RTCVCC

LID Sensor Switch

There is a magnetic sensor in the laptop which is called LID sensor.

Signal of this sensor going to SIO when magnet close to this sensor we get zero volts and away from sensor its become 3 volts.

What problems occurs if the sensor bad

• No power on
• Dimm display
• External display ok but no internal display

Laptop Fan And Cooling System in laptop chip level repair help guide

A laptop fan have normally three wires. The red color wire is for power 5 volt. Black color wire if for ground and Yellow color for feedback input to SIO checking Fan speed.

If the laptop fan is not working then first check whether 5 volts are there or not on the red wire. If it’s not coming then secondly check MOSFET which delivers 5 volts.

SSD

SATA (or S-ATA) stands for Serial Advanced Technology Attachment and is the most commonly used interface for data transfer between hard drives and storage devices.

The majority of all SATA SSD’s have a 2.5 inch format (approx. 10 * 7 * 0.7 cm), which is practical because it corresponds to the size of the notebook hard drives. This allows them to be easily integrated into some PC and most notebook drive bays.

mSATA SSDs

The smaller version of SATA SSD is mSATA, short for mini-SATA. Performance wise nothing changes with this form factor. SATA hard disks also deliver a maximum throughput of 6 GBPS. The only relevant difference is in size.

M2 SSDs

Almost simultaneously with SATAe the M2 form factor was introduced. At that time still under the term NGFF for Next Generation Form Factor. M2 SSDs come in an extremely flat, compact plug-in card format and are therefore preferred in mobile devices. The most common is the 2280 format, which means nothing more than 22 mm * 80 mm (optically comparable to RAM bar).

NVMe and AHCI Comparison in laptop chip level repair help guide

While SATA Express/AHCI has the benefit of legacy software compatibility, the AHCI interface does not deliver optimal performance when talking to a PCIe SSD.

This is because the AHCI interface does not deliver optimal performance when talking to a PCIe SSD. This is because AHCI was developed at a time when the purpose of the HBA in a system was to connect the CPU/Memory subsystem with the much slow rotating media-based storage subsystem.

Troubleshooting 13 common laptop problems in laptop chip level repair help guide

Below is a troubleshooting guide for 13 common laptop problems

1. The Laptop Is Dead
2. Laptop Adapter Charger Not Working
3. Buy Instruments For A Laptop Repair
4. There is a sudden restart in the laptop.
5. fix the hard disk not working
6. fix the laptop audio not working
7. fix laptop USB not working
8. fix laptop internet not working
9. There comes a Blue screen of death.
10. Complete blank monitor or screen for display
11. installing the operating systems over laptop/desktop
12. different software installations for educational and other uses
13. Converting A Laptop Graphical To Non-Graphical
14. Dell Laptop Giving Beeps Sounds

There is also a laptop repair career guide.

Also, you can find all kinds of laptop schematics bios and boardviews for free.

Lastly, You can get also more information about laptop schematics, boardviews, and bios on Wikipedia.

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